Fabrication of TiO2 photocatalytic electrode and contamination control with atmospheric pressure O2 plasma jet

In this study, we demonstrate the fabrication of TiO₂ photocatalytic electrode by sol-gel and electrospinning technique. The anatase TiO₂ nanofiber is successfully formed after thermal annealing at 260°C. As-prepared TiO₂ photocatalytic electrode contains surface contamination, which includes a polymer binder such as ethyl cellulose, carbon by carbonization of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and residue polyvinylpyrrolidone. To efficiently remove the surface contaminants from the TiO₂ photocatalytic electrode, we employ an atmospheric-pressure O₂ plasma jet and the exposure time is controlled by the scanning rate. As the results, photodegradation efficiency of methylene blue is significantly enhanced with a scanning rate in the range of 100-500 μm/s and was saturated with a scanning rate in the range of 10-100 μm/s.     

A New Potent and Selective Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor with Extended Conjugation in a Chalcone Framework: 1-[4-(Morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one

The general blueprint for the design of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors has been based on two phenyl or heteronuclei linked via a spacer of appropriate length. In this study, 1-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one (MO10) was prepared by the condensation of 4′-morpholinoacetophenone and cinnamaldehyde in basic alcoholic medium. MO10 was assessed for inhibitory activity against two human MAO isoforms, MAO-A and MAO-B. Interestingly, MO10 showed a remarkable inhibition against MAO-B with an IC₅₀ value of 0.044 μM along with a selectivity index of 366.13. The IC₅₀ value was better than that of lazabemide (IC₅₀ value of 0.063 μM), which was used as a reference. Kinetics studies revealed that MO10 acted as a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B, with a K_i value of 0.0080 μM. The observation of recovery of MAO-B inhibition, compared to reference levels showed MO10 to be a reversible inhibitor. MTT assays showed that MO10 was nontoxic to normal VERO cells with an IC₅₀ value of 195.44 μg/mL. SwissADME predicted that MO10 provided advantageous pharmacokinetics profiles for developing agents acting on the central nervous system, that is, high passive human gastrointestinal absorption and blood–brain barrier permeability. Molecular docking simulations showed that MO10 properly entered the aromatic cage formed by Y435, Y398, and FAD of the active site of MAO-B. On the basis of these results, MO10 can be considered a promising starting compound in development of agents for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders.     

Performance of two shrouded probes for the collection of liquid aerosols in a wind tunnel optimized for high air speeds

Abstract

A combination of type A (high flow model) or B (low flow model) shrouded probe and appropriate isokinetic air-sampler (IAS) was tested in a wind tunnel that was optimized for high air speed testing using computational flow modeling. Liquid uranine aerosols (LUA) with AED (aerodynamic equivalent diameter) of 10?μm were generated at a constant flow rate using a vibrating orifice aerosol generator. The monodispersed aerosols were introduced into a wind tunnel at speeds of 5, 10, 15 and 20?m/s. The high flow (A) or low flow (B) model shrouded probe and the appropriate isokinetic air-sampler (IAS) was co-located to collect the LUA simultaneously during each treatment. After the test, the LUA deposited on the filters and inside the walls of the two air-samplers were collected and analyzed for fluorescence intensity units to determine the wall loss, transmission and aspiration ratios. While the type B shrouded probe had 20% (at 10?m/s) and 14.3% (at 15?m/s) higher wall loss ratios than model A, it had 16.1% (at 10?m/s) and 11.6% (at 15?m/s) higher transmission ratios compared to model A. Similarly, probe B had 17.6% (at 10?m/s) and 14.6% (at 15?m/s) higher aspiration ratios than probe A at similar air velocities. Overall, the wall loss, transmission and aspiration ratios of 10?µm AED ULA measured with two types of shrouded probes at 5, 10, 15 and 20?m/s air velocities in the optimized wind tunnel had good agreement with the range of standard data.

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